{"id":774,"date":"2017-12-26T22:22:59","date_gmt":"2017-12-27T03:22:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/binim.org\/?p=774"},"modified":"2017-12-26T22:22:59","modified_gmt":"2017-12-27T03:22:59","slug":"notes-belarusian-pronunciation-transliterations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/binim.org\/index.php\/2017\/12\/26\/notes-belarusian-pronunciation-transliterations\/","title":{"rendered":"NOTES ON BIE\u0141ARUSIAN PRONUNCIATION AND TRANSLITERATIONS"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Bie\u0142arusian language uses two alphabets, <\/span>Kirylica<\/span><\/i> (Cyrillic) and <\/span>\u0141acinka<\/span><\/i> (Latin), but modern Bie\u0142arusians<\/span> use mostly the Cyrillic alphabet. Spelling in the Cyrillic alphabet has two versions. The first one, <\/span>Tara\u0161kievica,<\/span><\/i> is based on the method elaborated by the linguist Branisla\u01d4 Tara\u0161kievi\u010d (1892\u20131938). It was prohibited by the Soviets and replaced by the Soviet <\/span>Narkoma\u01d4ka <\/span><\/i>(the \u201cCommunist one\u201d), a heavily Russified version of the Bie\u0142arusian language. <\/span><\/p>\n

The written Bie\u0142arusian language of the <\/span>Tara\u0161kievica <\/span><\/i>tradition (unlike <\/span>Narkoma\u01d4ka<\/span><\/i>) has its own <\/span>\u0141acinka<\/span><\/i> (Bie\u0142aruskaja abeceda) and Cyrillic. Though attempts are being made to introduce <\/span>\u0141acinka <\/span><\/i>into the Library of Congress (LoC), it still uses a heavily Russified form of transliteration. Even the latest Bie\u0142arusian transliteration, offered by LoC, slavishly shadows the Russian one. The reader may see several forms of Bie\u0142arusian transliterations, as reflected in different spellings of the Bie\u0142arusian language: Byelorussian, Byelarussian, Belarusian, Bielarusan, Belarusan, and a few more. Another good example is the spelling of the Bie\u0142arusian capital: Miensk turned into Minsk under the Soviets in 1938; the country\u2019s present leaders have kept this spelling; the opposition and \u00e9migr\u00e9s use the original Miensk.<\/span><\/p>\n

Unlike LoC, all variants of <\/span>\u0141acinka<\/span><\/i> incorporate diacritical marks, similar to the Czech, Polish, Serbian, Sorbian, and other alphabets in Latin conversion. \u00a0Though variants of <\/span>\u0141acinka <\/span><\/i>were used from the sixteenth century, <\/span>The Portrayal of Jews in Bie\u0142arusian Literature<\/span><\/i> uses the transliteration system, based on the <\/span>Tara\u0161kievica<\/span><\/i> because Tara\u0161kievi\u010d\u2019s <\/span>\u0141acinka <\/span><\/i>innately reflects Bie\u0142arusian sounds compare to any other systems. I hope the following charts will be of help to English speakers and will allow the reader to experience the richness of Bie\u0142arusian phonetics.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Cyrillic<\/i><\/b><\/td>\n\u0141acinka<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nPronunciation<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nLoC<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A a<\/span><\/td>\nA a; see charts and notes below<\/span><\/td>\na (in <\/span>ah<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nA a<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0411 \u0431<\/span><\/td>\nB b<\/span><\/td>\nb (in <\/span>bid;<\/span><\/i> bow<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nB b<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0412 \u0432<\/span><\/td>\nV v<\/span><\/td>\nv (in <\/span>vim<\/span><\/i>; in <\/span>vow<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nV v<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0413 \u0433<\/span><\/td>\nH h<\/span><\/td>\nh (in <\/span>how<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nH h<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0414 \u0434<\/span><\/td>\nD d<\/span><\/td>\nd (in <\/span>dean; deaf<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nD d<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0415 \u0435<\/span><\/td>\nsee notes and charts below<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nE e<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0401 \u0451<\/span><\/td>\nsee notes and charts below<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nIo io<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0414\u0437 \u0434\u0437<\/span><\/td>\nDz dz<\/span><\/td>\ndz (in <\/span>aze<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nabsent<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0414\u0437\u044c \u0434\u0437\u044c<\/span><\/td>\nD\u017a d\u017a<\/span><\/td>\nd\u017a (followed by soft sign \u044c: palatalized)<\/span><\/td>\nabsent<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0414\u0436 \u0434\u0436<\/span><\/td>\nD\u017e d\u017e<\/span><\/td>\nj (in <\/span>jet)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nabsent<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0416 \u0436<\/span><\/td>\n\u017d \u017e<\/span><\/td>\nsue (in <\/span>pleasure<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nZh zh<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0417 \u0437<\/span><\/td>\nZ<\/span><\/td>\nz (in <\/span>zorro<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nZ z<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0417\u044c \u0437\u044c<\/span><\/td>\n\u0179 \u017a<\/span><\/td>\nz (palatalized in shorten <\/span>eu <\/span><\/i>of <\/span>Zeus<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nabsent<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0406 \u0456<\/span><\/td>\nI I; see charts and notes below<\/span><\/td>\nI i (<\/span>in machine<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\n\u012a \u012b <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0419 \u0439<\/span><\/td>\nJ j; see charts and notes below<\/span><\/td>\ny (in <\/span>boy<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\n\u012c \u012d<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041a \u043a<\/span><\/td>\nK k<\/span><\/td>\nk (in <\/span>cat)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nK k<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041b \u043b<\/span><\/td>\n\u0141 \u0142<\/span><\/td>\nl (in <\/span>lamp<\/span><\/i>); followed by hard \u00a0vowels: a, o, \u0443, \u044b, \u044d<\/span><\/td>\nL l<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041b\u044c \u043b\u044c<\/span><\/td>\nL l<\/span><\/td>\nl (in <\/span>million<\/span><\/i>) followed by soft vowels or soft sign: \u044f, \u0451, \u044e, \u0456, \u0435, \u044c; please see the chart below<\/span><\/td>\nabsent<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041c \u043c<\/span><\/td>\nM m<\/span><\/td>\nm (in <\/span>mom<\/span><\/i>) <\/span><\/td>\nM m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041d \u043d<\/span><\/td>\nN n<\/span><\/td>\nn (in <\/span>no<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nN n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041d\u044c \u043d\u044c<\/span><\/td>\n\u0143 \u0144<\/span><\/td>\nn (in <\/span>onion<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nabsent<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041e \u043e<\/span><\/td>\nO o; see charts and notes below<\/span><\/td>\no (in <\/span>horse<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nO o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u041f \u043f<\/span><\/td>\nP p<\/span><\/td>\np (in <\/span>pot<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nP p<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0420 \u0440<\/span><\/td>\nR r<\/span><\/td>\nr ( close to Scottish \u2018r\u2019 in <\/span>row<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nR r<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0421 \u0441<\/span><\/td>\nS s<\/span><\/td>\ns (in <\/span>so<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nS s<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0421\u044c \u0441\u044c<\/span><\/td>\n\u015a \u015b<\/span><\/td>\ns (Sirius: palatalized)<\/span><\/td>\nabsent<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0422 \u0442<\/span><\/td>\nT t<\/span><\/td>\nt (in <\/span>to<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nT t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0423 \u0443<\/span><\/td>\nU u; see charts and notes below<\/span><\/td>\nu (in <\/span>rule<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nU u<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u040e \u045e<\/span><\/td>\n\u01d3 \u016d<\/span><\/td>\nw (in <\/span>how<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nU u<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0424 \u0444<\/span><\/td>\nF f<\/span><\/td>\nf (in <\/span>fat<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nF f<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0425 \u0445<\/span><\/td>\nCh ch<\/span><\/td>\nch (in <\/span>Scottish loch<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nKh kh<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0426 \u0446<\/span><\/td>\nC \u0441<\/span><\/td>\nts (in <\/span>tsetse<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nTs ts<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0426\u044c \u0446\u044c<\/span><\/td>\n\u0106 \u0107<\/span><\/td>\nt (palatalized)<\/span><\/td>\nabsent<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0427 \u0447<\/span><\/td>\n\u010c \u010d<\/span><\/td>\nch (in <\/span>church<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nCh ch<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0428 \u0448<\/span><\/td>\n\u0160 \u0161<\/span><\/td>\nsh (in <\/span>shine<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nSh sh<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0428\u0447 \u0448\u0447<\/span><\/td>\n\u0160\u010d \u0161\u010d<\/span><\/td>\nPlease see note 1<\/span><\/td>\nShch<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042b \u044b<\/span><\/td>\nY y<\/span><\/td>\ny (in <\/span>Mary<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\nY y<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u044c<\/span><\/td>\n‘<\/span><\/td>\nSoft sign \u201c\u044c\u201d palatalizes a consonant, as in: \u017a, \u015b, \u0144, and others, and\/or divides it with a following vowel: \u017a’ia. <\/span><\/td>\n‘<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u044a<\/span><\/td>\n\u2019<\/span><\/td>\nHard sign divides a consonant and a vowel. <\/span><\/td>\n”<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042d \u044d<\/span><\/td>\nE e<\/span><\/td>\ne (in <\/span>ten<\/span><\/i>)<\/span><\/td>\n\u0116 \u0117<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042e \u044e<\/span><\/td>\nsee notes and charts below<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nIu iu<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042f \u044f<\/span><\/td>\nsee notes and charts below<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n Ia ia <\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Notes and charts:<\/b><\/p>\n

Note 1 *[\u0429 \u0449] is absent in modern Bie\u0142arusian but is replaced by a diagraph \u0448\u0447*<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

After Consonants (other than \u0141\/\u0142 and L\/l).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Cyrillic<\/i><\/b><\/td>\n\u0141acinka<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nPronunciation<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nLoC<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042f \u044f<\/span><\/td>\n Ia ia<\/span><\/td>\nya <\/span>(in yah)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nia<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0415 \u0435<\/span><\/td>\n Ie ie<\/span><\/td>\nye <\/span>(in yet)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\ne<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0401 \u0451<\/span><\/td>\n Io io<\/span><\/td>\nyo <\/span>(in yonder)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\n\u0451<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042e \u044e<\/span><\/td>\n Iu iu<\/span><\/td>\nyu <\/span>(in tune)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\niu<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

After the consonant <\/span>L\/l, <\/span><\/i>the following vowels<\/span> are always soft.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Cyrillic<\/i><\/b><\/td>\n\u0141acinka<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nPronunciation<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nLoC<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042f \u044f<\/span><\/td>\n Lia lia <\/span><\/td>\nya <\/span>(in yah)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nia<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0415 \u0435<\/span><\/td>\n Lie lie<\/span><\/td>\nye <\/span>(in yet)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\ne<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0401 \u0451<\/span><\/td>\n Lio lio<\/span><\/td>\nyo <\/span>(in yonder)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\n\u0451<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042e \u044e<\/span><\/td>\n Liu liu<\/span><\/td>\nyu <\/span>(in tune)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\niu<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

After the consonant <\/span>\u0141\/\u0142 <\/span><\/i>the following vowels<\/span> are always hard.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Cyrillic<\/i><\/b><\/td>\n\u0141acinka<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nPronunciation<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nLoC<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u043ba<\/span><\/td>\n\u0142a<\/span><\/td>\nla <\/span>(in latitude)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nN\/A<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u043b\u043e<\/span><\/td>\n\u0142\u043e<\/span><\/td>\nlo <\/span>(in lonely)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nN\/A<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u043b\u0443<\/span><\/td>\n\u0142u<\/span><\/td>\nlu <\/span>(in looney)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nN\/A<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u043b\u044d<\/span><\/td>\n\u0142e<\/span><\/td>\nlaj <\/span>(in lady)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nN\/A<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

After vowels or beginning of the word<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Cyrillic<\/i><\/b><\/td>\n\u0141acinka<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nPronunciation<\/i><\/b><\/td>\nLoC<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I i<\/span><\/td>\n ji<\/span><\/td>\nyi <\/span>(in yield)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nN\/A<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0415 \u0435<\/span><\/td>\n je<\/span><\/td>\nye <\/span>(in yet)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nE e<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0401 \u0451<\/span><\/td>\n jo<\/span><\/td>\nyo <\/span>(in yonder)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nIo io<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042e \u044e<\/span><\/td>\n ju<\/span><\/td>\nyu <\/span>(in you)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nIu iu<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u042f \u044f<\/span><\/td>\n ja<\/span><\/td>\nya <\/span>(in yah)<\/span><\/i><\/td>\nIa ia<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Bie\u0142arusian \u0141acinka: <\/span>https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belarusian_Latin_alphabet<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gimpelevich, Z. <\/span>Vasil Byka\u016d. His Life and Works. <\/span><\/i>Montreal & Kingston & London & Ithaca: MQUP, 2005.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kasaty, P. \u201cBelarusian Alphabets and Transliteration.\u201d http:\/\/www.belarus-misc.org\/bel-alpha.htm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kipel, V., and Z. Kipel, eds.<\/span> Byelorussian Statehood<\/span><\/i>. New York: Byelorussian Institute of Arts and Sciences, 1988.<\/span><\/p>\n

McMillin, A. <\/span>Belarusian Literature in the 1950s and 1960s. <\/span><\/i>Vienna: B\u00f6hlau Verlag, 1999.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 . <\/span>A History of Byelorussian Literature. <\/span><\/i>Giessen: Verlag, 1977.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rich, V. \u00a0<\/span>Like Water, Like Fire. <\/span><\/i>London: Allen and Unwin, 1971.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Bie\u0142arusian language uses two alphabets, Kirylica (Cyrillic) and \u0141acinka (Latin), but modern Bie\u0142arusians use mostly the Cyrillic alphabet. Spelling in the Cyrillic alphabet has two versions. The first one,…<\/p>\n

Read More<\/span>+<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"telegram_tosend":false,"telegram_tosend_message":"","telegram_tosend_target":0,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[54,46],"class_list":["post-774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-literature","tag-language","tag-literature"],"yoast_head":"\nNOTES ON BIE\u0141ARUSIAN PRONUNCIATION AND TRANSLITERATIONS - Belarusian Institute of Arts and Sciences, Canada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/binim.org\/index.php\/2017\/12\/26\/notes-belarusian-pronunciation-transliterations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NOTES ON BIE\u0141ARUSIAN PRONUNCIATION AND TRANSLITERATIONS - Belarusian Institute of Arts and Sciences, Canada\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Bie\u0142arusian language uses two alphabets, Kirylica (Cyrillic) and \u0141acinka (Latin), but modern Bie\u0142arusians use mostly the Cyrillic alphabet. 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